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What is the priority nursing action for a patient experiencing shortness of breath?
Asked on Mar 21, 2026
Answer
When a patient experiences shortness of breath, the priority nursing action is to assess the patient's airway, breathing, and circulation (ABCs) to ensure they are receiving adequate oxygenation. This involves quickly evaluating the patient's respiratory rate, oxygen saturation, and lung sounds to determine the severity of the situation.
Example Nursing Steps:
- Step 1 – Assess the patient's airway for patency and check respiratory rate and oxygen saturation.
- Step 2 – Administer supplemental oxygen if needed and position the patient to optimize breathing (e.g., sitting up).
- Step 3 – Monitor the patient's response, reassess vital signs, and document findings and interventions.
Additional Comment:
- Always prioritize airway and breathing in respiratory distress.
- Use the ABCs framework to guide initial assessment and intervention.
- Escalate care if the patient's condition does not improve or worsens.
- Document all assessments, interventions, and patient responses promptly.
- Consider potential causes of shortness of breath, such as asthma, COPD, or heart failure, when planning care.
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